PHYTOSANITARY DIAGNOSIS OF URBAN AFFORESTATION IN THE POTIGUAR ALTO OESTE

Abstract

Afforestation in semi-arid regions, such as the Potiguar Alto Oeste, faces constant phytosanitary challenges due to high temperatures and water scarcity, factors that act as physiological stressors and increase plant vulnerability to pathogens and pests. Given this scenario, this study aimed to perform a phytosanitary diagnosis of the tree species at the IFRN, Pau dos Ferros-RN Campus. The methodology consisted of an inventory of 233 individuals selected through systematic monitoring. The phytosanitary evaluation was carried out via qualitative visual inspection, analyzing variables such as crown integrity, leaf coloring, presence of necrosis, signs of water stress, and the occurrence of pests or diseases. The results indicated that 65.7% of the population is in good sanitary condition, concentrated in intensive management areas. However, significant problems were observed in peripheral sectors, where 19.3% of the individuals exhibit moderate water stress and 13.7% are in a state of severe vegetative decline. Additionally, sanitary impairment was recorded in specimens of Anacardium occidentale L. (1.3%), with clear signs of pest and disease attacks on fruits and foliage. It is concluded that the sectorization of water management is the main determinant of the campus's phytosanitary conditions. We recommend restructuring the irrigation schedule for neglected areas and applying specific phytosanitary treatments to curb the spread of diseases in the affected species.