HEALTH TRAINING FOR THE CARE OF VULNERABLE POPULATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: The transgender population faces multiple barriers to accessing health services in Brazil, involving not only structural issues but also symbolic and relational aspects. Health training, still centered on a cisnormative logic, proves insufficient to meet the specific needs of this population, contributing to the exacerbation of vulnerabilities. Objectives: The objective of this study is to identify, through an integrative literature review, the barriers in health training for the care of transgender people in Brazil. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted based on the integrative review methodology, according to the guidelines of Whittemore and Knafl (2005) and Souza, Silva and Carvalho (2010). Descriptors extracted from DeCS/MeSH were used and applied to the BVS database, initially resulting in 107 articles. After a screening process and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 articles comprised the final sample. Data analysis followed the conceptual frameworks of individual, social, and programmatic vulnerabilities. Results: The findings indicated a predominance of programmatic vulnerabilities, especially regarding the qualification of professionals, access to and quality of services, and the absence of specific policies. Social vulnerabilities such as stigma, discrimination, and violation of rights were also recurrent. In the individual field, the scarcity of family support, psycho-emotional suffering, and lack of knowledge about their own health rights stood out. Conclusion: Barriers to access to health for transgender people are not limited to the structure of services, but involve the training of professionals, institutional political commitment, and the presence of social stigmas. It is essential to rethink health training, promote intersectoral public policies, and foster affirmative actions that ensure equity and the rights of this population.