BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article presents an integrative literature review on the benefits of physical exercise during pregnancy, analyzing physiological, functional, and psychological aspects, focusing on evidence of safety and efficacy for maternal and fetal health. Based on a careful selection of 15 studies from the Scielo, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, the main positive effects of physical exercise were identified in stabilizing blood pressure, controlling weight, preventing gestational diabetes, and improving cardiovascular and respiratory capacity. In terms of function, physical exercise proved effective in reducing common pregnancy discomforts, such as lower back pain and swelling, as well as preparing the muscles for childbirth, providing a better experience for the pregnant woman and facilitating the postpartum period. Regarding psychological aspects, activities such as yoga and Pilates stand out for reducing stress and anxiety, promoting greater emotional balance and helping to prevent postpartum depression. However, the review highlights the need for professional supervision, especially in adapting the intensity and type of exercise according to the gestational trimester. It concludes that the practice of physical exercise, when properly planned, is a safe and effective strategy for promoting health during pregnancy and the postpartum period. It is recommended to encourage the practice of supervised physical activities as part of prenatal care, as well as to conduct future studies on the long-term impacts of this practice.