CONTRIBUTIONS OF MATHEMATICS TO DECISION-MAKING IN SCHOOL MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Mathematics, traditionally viewed as a primary and secondary school subject, plays a strategic role in school management by providing tools for data analysis, financial planning, resource optimization, and performance evaluation. This study investigates the contributions of applied mathematics to decision-making processes in educational institutions through a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative approaches in management. The methodology employs a mixed-methods approach, featuring case studies in three public schools in the Federal District, Brazil, alongside a documentary analysis of financial data, school performance indicators, and curricular plans. The results demonstrate that the application of mathematical models—such as descriptive statistical analysis, cost-benefit calculations, and optimization techniques—improves decision-making effectiveness in areas such as teacher allocation, budget distribution, and the implementation of pedagogical programs. Comparatively, schools that integrate mathematical tools into their management routines show a 15% increase in pass rates and a 20% reduction in unnecessary expenditures, while those relying on subjective judgment face greater financial instability and inequality in resource access. The discussion highlights that, although mathematics does not replace contextual knowledge and school community participation, it strengthens the foundation of decisions, making them more transparent and aligned with institutional goals. The study concludes that training school managers in applied mathematics is essential for improving educational quality and institutional sustainability.