OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: CURRENT STRATEGIES FOR FRACTURE PREVENTION AND FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION

Abstract

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare genetic connective tissue disease characterized by bone fragility and high susceptibility to fractures, mainly due to alterations in type I collagen synthesis. The clinical variability of the disease poses significant challenges to therapeutic management, requiring integrated approaches focused on fracture prevention and functional rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the current scientific evidence regarding the main strategies used in fracture prevention and functionality promotion in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. This is a narrative literature review, based on the analysis of articles published in national and international databases, which addressed pharmacological, surgical, and rehabilitative interventions. The findings show that the use of bisphosphonates remains the main pharmacological approach, with benefits in bone mineral density and pain control, although with heterogeneous results in reducing the incidence of fractures. Orthopedic surgical interventions, especially with the use of intramedullary nails, are fundamental in correcting deformities and preventing recurrent fractures. Additionally, structured functional rehabilitation programs stand out for promoting greater autonomy, improved mobility, and reduced risk of falls. It is concluded that the effective management of osteogenesis imperfecta depends on a multidisciplinary and individualized approach, integrating fracture prevention and functional rehabilitation strategies, with a positive impact on patients' quality of life.