PROTÓTIPO DE SIMULADOR DE SINAIS DE ECG COM ESP32 PARA TREINAMENTO E TESTES EM ENGENHARIA CLÍNICA

Abstract

This work presents the development and evaluation of a low-cost, high-fidelity electrocardiogram (ECG) signal simulator designed for Clinical Engineering applications and biomedical equipment maintenance workshops. The proposed solution uses the ESP32 microcontroller to digitally process predefined ECG waveforms and the 12-bit MCP4725 digital-to-analog converter to generate accurate and low-distortion analog output, avoiding limitations commonly found in PWM-based systems.The simulator reproduces six clinically relevant cardiac rhythms: normal sinus rhythm, bradycardia, tachycardia (up to 240 bpm), asystole, premature ventricular contraction, and atrial fibrillation. All signals feature adjustable amplitude and offset, ensuring compatibility with differential inputs of patient monitors and electrocardiographs. The results indicate that the device performs reliably and offers appropriate electrical characteristics, demonstrating its potential as a tool for technical training, equipment validation, and educational environments.