CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SURGERY IN WOMEN WITH CERVICAL CANCER TREATED AT GYNECO-OBSTETRICS - IPS 2023

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains one of the major global public health challenges, ranking as the second most frequent gynecological tumor and a significant cause of mortality among women under 65 years of age. In 2018, a total of 569,847 new cases were recorded worldwide, representing 6.6% of all female cancers, in addition to 311,365 deaths, corresponding to 7.5% of all cancer-related mortality. Despite advances in prevention and early detection—especially through cytological screening and HPV vaccination—many women are still diagnosed at advanced stages, which worsens prognosis. Among therapeutic options, radical trachelectomy and lymphadenectomy emerge as important surgical alternatives in selected clinical scenarios. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and treatments performed in patients with cervical cancer treated at the Gyneco-Obstetrics Department of the Hospital Central del IPS in 2023. This was a cross-sectional observational study including hospitalized patients with confirmed diagnoses of malignant cervical tumors, according to ICD-10, encompassing lesions of the endocervix, exocervix, cervix, and uterine isthmus. A total of 83 patients were identified. The median age was 42.5 years (range 23–84), with 44.5% younger than 40 years and 53% residing in rural areas. The mean length of hospitalization was 3.1 ± 2.7 days, and 28% presented with overweight or obesity. Regarding clinical staging, 41% were classified as stage I, 36% as stage II, and 23% as stage III. Surgical procedures such as anexectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed in 57% of patients. Younger women (<43 years) and those from rural areas showed a higher frequency of overweight/obesity associated with stages II and III. The findings highlight the need for strategies aimed at early diagnosis, improved access to specialized care, and multidisciplinary management to reduce morbidity and mortality related to cervical cancer.