GLIOBLASTOMA AND CAR-T CELLS: THERAPEUTIC INNOVATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST BRAIN TUMORS

Abstract

Glioblastoma is an extremely aggressive type of brain tumor, characterized by rapid growth, significant cell diversity, and difficulty in responding to traditional treatments. This work consists of a narrative literature review on the application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), one of the most debilitating and treatment-resistant brain tumors. The research covered publications from 2017 to 2025, selected from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, as well as relevant institutional scientific portals. The analysis of the studies revealed evidence of significant tumor regressions, clinical improvements, and cases of prolong remission, particularly in protocols that use multi-target CAR-T cells and intracranial administration routes. Combined strategies with immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses, and nanotechnologies also stood out for enhancing therapeutic efficacy against challenges like tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Although still in the experimental phase, the review suggests that recent advances position CAR-T cell therapy as an innovative and highly promising alternative in the management of GBM, opening new perspectives for increasing survival rates and improving the patients’ quality of life.