ANALYSIS OF FIBER OPTIC NETWORK DEPLOYMENT: TECHNICAL ASPECTS AND DEPLOYMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS

Abstract

The progress of telecommunications is closely linked to the evolution of data transmission infrastructures that are more efficient, secure, and sustainable. In the current scenario, fiber optics has established itself as the most contemporary and reliable technology to meet the growing need for high-speed connectivity, fostered by applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, 5G networks, and streaming services. This study aims to examine the technical and operational elements related to the implementation of optical networks, emphasizing the physical fundamentals of light transmission, the main categories of cables, and the importance of Electrical Engineering in the planning, execution, and maintenance of these networks. The methodological approach adopted was based on a literature review and a comparative analysis of recent research on the efficiency, sustainability, and scalability of optical networks. The results demonstrate that fiber optics surpasses conventional metallic systems in terms of transmission capacity, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and energy efficiency, in addition to playing a crucial role in digital inclusion and the sustainable progress of telecommunications. It is concluded that the combination of electrical engineering with optical technology is essential to ensure the constant progress of digital infrastructure in Brazil, favoring technical efficiency, environmental sustainability, and increased access to information.