MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH: POST-PARTUM DEPRESSION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

Abstract

Introduction: Postpartum depression is a consequence of various emotions experienced during pregnancy. Its onset directly influences the mother-child relationship, as during this period, women become vulnerable due to depressed mood, ultimately leading to rejection of their baby. Methodology: This integrative literature review was conducted through the following steps: defining the theme; choosing the guiding question; selecting descriptors; and searching for scientific articles using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles published in Portuguese within the last five years and available for free were selected. Duplicate articles, review studies, and articles not available for free were excluded. The following databases were used to construct the review: Virtual Health Library (VHL); Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO); and PubMed. Searches were conducted using the Boolean operator AND, using the descriptors "Postpartum Depression"; Postpartum, Maternal Health. Data will be collected from June to August, presented in tables, and discussed in light of relevant literature. Results and discussion: Postpartum depression affects 15 to 20% of postpartum women, potentially compromising the mother-child bond and increasing the risk of suicide. Its prevalence is higher in developing countries, with high rates in Brazil. Factors such as gestational complications, lack of family support, and substance use increase vulnerability, reinforcing the need for multidisciplinary monitoring. Conclusion: Postpartum depression is common in the postpartum period and is influenced by gestational factors, age, family support, and substance use. It affects the mother's emotional health and her bond with the baby, impairing their development. Multidisciplinary monitoring, psychological support, and family guidance are essential to minimize impacts and strengthen early bonds.