EXAMES DE TRIAGEM OFTALMOLÓGICA EM PEDIATRIA: REVISÃO SOBRE O IMPACTO DO TESTE DO OLHINHO E OUTRAS FERRAMENTAS PREVENTIVAS

Abstract

Early ophthalmological screening in children plays a fundamental role in detecting visual alterations that may compromise neurodevelopment and long-term quality of life. Among the most widely used methods, the red reflex test, commonly known as the “eye test,” stands out for its simplicity, low cost, and effectiveness in identifying severe conditions such as congenital cataract and retinoblastoma. However, other preventive tools have been incorporated into clinical practice, including complementary examinations such as slit-lamp evaluation, retinoscopy, and, in specific contexts, screening with emerging digital technologies. This literature review aims to compile the main scientific evidence available regarding the effectiveness of different pediatric ophthalmological screening methods, highlighting the importance of standardized protocols, professional training, and early referral. The early detection of ocular abnormalities allows for more effective interventions and improves visual prognosis, reducing complications and the social impacts of preventable visual impairments.