EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS OF THE CONSÓRCIO INTERMUNICIPAL DE SAÚDE DO OESTE DO PARANÁ (CISOP) FROM 2023 TO 2024

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition of hyperglycemia first detected during pregnancy, caused by the pancreatic beta cells' inability to compensate for insulin resistance common in this period. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and epidemiological profile of pregnant women with GDM treated by the Intermunicipal Health Consortium of Western Paraná (CISOP) between 2023 and 2024. It was a descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study based on medical records of women over 18 years old diagnosed with GDM and without previous diabetes. Variables analyzed included age group, comorbidities, BMI, parity, trimester of diagnosis, and treatment. Most patients (69.57%) were between 26 and 35 years old; systemic arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (22.22%). Before pregnancy, 42.69% were obese, increasing to 59.21% at diagnosis. Most diagnoses occurred in the first trimester (64.62%), indicating possible improvements in early screening. Regarding treatment, 85.85% required insulin therapy, while only 13.92% achieved glycemic control through behavioral changes. The epidemiological profile observed aligns with national data, emphasizing the need for public health policies aimed at prevention and care to reduce maternal and infant risks associated with GDM.