PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND ADHD: AN OVERVIEW OF SIDE EFFECTS THROUGH A SCOPING REVIEW

Abstract

This study reviews the main adverse effects of pharmacological treatments used for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Based on a scoping review of 54 articles selected through PRISMA criteria, the neurobiological complexity of these conditions and the need for individualized treatments are highlighted. Commonly used medications include psychostimulants, atypical antipsychotics, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but their side effects require careful monitoring. Emerging therapies such as cannabidiol, oxytocin, and vasopressin show promise in managing social and behavioral symptoms, though robust clinical evidence is still lacking. Multidisciplinary research and therapeutic safety are essential to optimize treatment and improve the quality of life of affected children.