APPLICATION OF HUMANISTIC THEORY IN CHILDBIRT CARE

Abstract

Childbirth care in Brazil has undergone significant changes in recent decades, especially with the advancement of public policies that encourage humanized childbirth. However, institutional practices still reflect mechanized conduct and disregard the subjective needs of women. The Humanistic Theory of Paterson and Zderad presents a care model centered on the existential experience of the human being, emphasizing active listening, empathetic bonding, and respect for individuality. This study aimed to analyze the application of the Humanistic Theory in nursing care during childbirth, highlighting how its principles contribute to ethical, welcoming, and woman-centered care. It is an integrative literature review, with a qualitative approach, based on national and international databases. The analysis revealed that the active presence of the obstetric nurse, guided by humanistic principles, promotes the empowerment of the parturient, reduces unnecessary interventions, and enables more positive birth experiences. Furthermore, it was found that considering emotional, cultural, and relational aspects strengthens the role of nursing as an essential agent in the childbirth process. The appreciation of subjectivity and qualified listening transforms technical assistance into genuinely human care. This study contributes to the valorization of nursing practice grounded in theoretical frameworks and supports the training of professionals committed to the humanization of childbirth.