ANXIETY DURING PREGNANCY: FEARS AND EXPECTATIONS OF PREGNANT WOMEN REGARDING CHILDBIRTH AND MOTHERHOOD

Abstract

Pregnancy is a period marked by intense physical and emotional changes, which can trigger anxiety in pregnant women, even in those with no prior history. This anxiety is related to factors such as hormonal changes, fear of childbirth, concerns about the baby’s health, and the challenges of motherhood. Symptoms manifest as excessive worry, affecting daily life and ranging from mild to severe. The research was conducted with 15 pregnant women at the Anália Pina Basic Health Unit in Aracaju, SE, using an online questionnaire. All participants (100%) reported experiencing anxiety during pregnancy. Most expressed concerns about childbirth and the baby’s health, and reported physical symptoms associated with anxiety, such as shortness of breath and headaches. The importance of emotional support, especially the presence of a chosen companion during childbirth, and the need for more information to cope with anxiety were also noted. It is concluded that multidisciplinary care and psychological support are essential to minimize the impact of anxiety during pregnancy, promoting maternal and fetal well-being. Objective: To assess anxiety in pregnant women, with an emphasis on the fears and emotional experiences during the gestational period. Methods: The research was conducted using a data collection instrument consisting of a series of questions, answered online without the presence of an interviewer. The questionnaire was administered via Google Forms, a digital tool that enables broad participant reach. Results: The study included 15 pregnant women, all of whom (100%) reported feeling anxious about their current pregnancy. Conclusion: Based on the data obtained, the results may be associated with various emotional, social, and physical factors involved in the pregnancy process, such as fear of childbirth, uncertainty regarding the baby’s health, body changes, and the challenges associated with the maternal role. To improve this situation, it is necessary to promote multidisciplinary interventions that offer psychological support, ongoing education about pregnancy and childbirth, and strengthen the social and family support network. Strategies such as monitoring by specialized professionals, support groups for pregnant women, and including the partner in prenatal care can contribute to reducing anxiety and increasing emotional security during pregnancy.