REHABILITATION OF POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (ACL) INJURY USING HYDROTHERAPYSO DA HIDROTERAPIA

Abstract

Introduction: The present study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of hydrotherapy in the rehabilitation of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Objective: To evaluate the effects of hydrotherapy in the post-operative phase of ACL, highlighting its physiological and psychosocial benefits. Materials and Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted with a qualitative approach, using searches in databases such as Google Scholar, PEDro, BVS, and SciELO. Specific descriptors related to the theme were used, and relevant articles published in Portuguese and English were selected. Results: The data analysis showed that hydrotherapy constitutes a highly effective therapeutic strategy in the post-operative phase of ACL, promoting pain reduction, edema control, increased joint range of motion, and progressive and safe muscle strengthening. The physical properties of water, such as hydrostatic pressure, buoyancy, and temperature, play a fundamental role in facilitating movements and reducing joint load, providing an ideal environment for functional recovery. In addition to physical gains, hydrotherapy offers psychosocial benefits, making the rehabilitation process more enjoyable and less painful. Conclusion: The incorporation of hydrotherapy in the rehabilitation protocols for the ACL enhances clinical outcomes and contributes to the patients' quality of life. Its application is recommended to be planned and individualized. Future research is suggested to compare different rehabilitation methods to improve physiotherapeutic practice.