SCHOOL DROPOUT IN BASIC EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article sought to identify determining factors of school dropout in Basic Education. The methodology adopted was the Systematic Review (RS) through the Methodi Ordinatio in the time period from 2018 to 2023, the databases used were: Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct, with the descriptors "School dropout" AND "Elementary school" AND "School". A gross total of 249 articles were initially listed (Science Direct - n = 185; Scopus - n = 20; Web of Science - n = 44). After the exclusion criteria, 23 articles that addressed the theme were selected. It is noted that the challenges that the educational system faces today are great. The results of this study indicated that there are several determining factors that lead to school dropout, which are associated with behavioral, socio-emotional, economic and structural factors. The lack of socio-affective relationships between peers (student and teacher) was one of the problems encountered, in addition to pedagogical training, investments in infrastructure and the quality of education for students with disabilities are points that deserve attention. It is concluded that partnerships between the school, family, and community, public policies, are necessary in order to guarantee school attendance of students in search of a quality education.