SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: A LOOK AT MASCULINITY AND SELF-CARE

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition that, if not treated properly, can lead to serious complications such as heart disease and stroke. Studies indicate that men tend to neglect their health care due to social constructions of masculinity that value strength and invulnerability, contributing to the underestimation of the risks associated with hypertension. Methodological aspects: Methodologically, the integrative literature review was conducted by the following guiding question: How does masculinity impact self-care in men with systemic arterial hypertension? and What is the role of nursing in promoting self-care and adherence to hypertension treatment in men? The search was conducted in scientific databases such as PubMed, SciELO and LILACS, using descriptors related to "Systemic Arterial Hypertension," "Masculinity," "Self-care," "Nursing," and "Men's Health" and "Systemic Arterial Hypertension," "Masculinity," "Self-care," "Nursing," and "Men's Health." Articles published in the last five years, in Portuguese and English, that addressed the relationship between masculinity and health care in hypertensive men were included. Results and discussion: The social construction of masculinity directly influences men's health behavior, affecting their self-care practices and adherence to treatment for systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). The hegemonic masculinity model values ​​attributes such as strength and endurance, discouraging the search for medical care and the adoption of preventive measures. This pattern also impacts the way men perceive aging and the need for self-care, especially among the elderly. Resistance to treatment is exacerbated by sociocultural factors, such as the idea of ​​invulnerability associated with the role of provider. Nursing is essential in promoting self-care, overcoming cultural barriers and educating men about the importance of continuous treatment and adherence to medical recommendations. In addition, home visits and the bond of trust between nurse and patient are essential to ensure the success of interventions. Conclusion: Self-care among men, especially in controlling hypertension, is still deficient. This study aims to show how nurses can promote self-care to reduce the risks of the disease. Men over 40 years of age, often far from Primary Care, are more vulnerable to cardiovascular diseases. Nurses in the ESF use educational actions to increase adherence to treatment and warn about the risks of hypertension, in line with the PNAISH guidelines to promote men's health.