PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES IN THE FACE OF POPULATION AGING

Abstract

Population aging in Brazil has been progressing rapidly, and projections indicate that by 2031, the number of elderly people will surpass that of children. This phenomenon, resulting from the demographic transition, has directly impacted the country's epidemiological profile, particularly the increase in Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). In the Brazilian context, an elderly person is considered to be anyone aged 60 or older, as established by the Elderly Statute, which reinforces the importance of adapting public policies and social, economic, and health structures to the demands of this age group. This study is based on an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach, using the descriptors "Health" AND "Aging," including publications in Portuguese and English. The results highlight the urgent need to expand and improve geriatric care services, promote equitable access to health care, and reduce social inequalities to ensure healthy, active, and dignified aging. We also emphasize the importance of promoting ongoing research focused on geriatrics and longevity as a way to support effective practices and policies for elderly care.