ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF DEATHS FROM ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PARANÁ FROM 2019 TO 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in Brazil, with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), particularly ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), requiring immediate recognition and treatment. Methodology: This study analyzed the evolution of AMI-related deaths in Paraná from 2019 to 2023, based on data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS), using descriptive statistical analysis with Python software. Results: The findings indicated fluctuations in deaths, with a decrease in 2020, a peak in 2021, and a decline in 2023, possibly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Men accounted for 61.6% of deaths, and individuals over 75 years old were the most affected. Hospitals were the most common place of death (50.9%), followed by residences (34.2%), with greater volatility in the latter, suggesting difficulties in accessing emergency care. Discussion: AMI is an acute cardiovascular event caused by the interruption of blood flow to the heart, with atherosclerosis being the main triggering factor. STEMI stands out for its severity, requiring rapid diagnosis and immediate treatment, such as primary angioplasty or fibrinolytic therapy. Mortality varies by sex and age, with men and elderly individuals being the most affected. Conclusion: The persistence of AMI-related mortality remains a public health challenge, requiring policies to improve access to emergency services and reduce inequalities in cardiac care.