BILLS ON RAPE AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEXUAL CRIMES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS

Abstract

Sexual violence is a serious human rights violation, encompassing acts committed without the victim's consent, such as rape, harassment, exploitation, and trafficking for sexual purposes. In Brazil, the Penal Code and specific laws, such as Law No. 13.718/2018, criminalize these actions, yet challenges persist, including underreporting of cases, revictimization within the judicial system, and impunity for perpetrators. Beyond physical harm, victims suffer severe psychosocial consequences, such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, which impact their social and professional lives. Legal, psychological, and social assistance is essential to mitigate these damages and support recovery. Therefore, this study analyzes existing legislation, challenges in its enforcement, and the impacts of sexual violence, emphasizing the need for effective public policies. Prevention requires cultural and educational changes that promote gender equality and respect for human rights, as well as strengthening support networks and ensuring strict law enforcement to create a safe and violence-free environment.