AN ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING THE SENGSTAKEN-BLAKEMORE BALLOON IN THE HEMODYNAMIC STABILIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING

Abstract

This article aimed to analyze the efficacy of using the Sengstaken-Blakemore balloon in cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) for the clinical stabilization of critically ill patients. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is defined as bleeding occurring in the esophagus and the first portion of the duodenum, with its anatomical limits being the upper esophageal sphincter and the ligament of Treitz. Initial treatment consists of measures for hemodynamic stabilization, management with antibiotics, vasoactive medications, and endoscopic intervention. Hemodynamic instability resulting from UGIB underscores the importance of alternative procedures beyond initial treatment, such as the insertion of the Sengstaken-Blakemore (SB) balloon, which functions as a mechanical compression of esophageal bleeding sites. UGIB can lead to significant blood volume loss, resulting in severe hemodynamic complications that may be fatal. Therefore, the use of the SB balloon emerges as an effective alternative for critically ill patients.The analysis conducted in this study clearly demonstrates that the SB balloon is effective in achieving hemodynamic stabilization in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding who do not respond to pharmacological treatment. It is important to emphasize that this technique serves as a temporary solution, employed to maintain patient stability until a definitive endoscopic intervention can be performed.