NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR PREGNANT WOMEN WHO CONSUME ALCOHOL: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy represents a significant public health issue due to its teratogenic effects, which can impair fetal development. Nursing interventions are crucial to contributing to the reduction of alcohol consumption among pregnant women. This study aimed to identify nursing interventions for pregnant women who consume alcohol, highlight the teratogenic effects on the fetus caused by alcohol consumption, and review the bibliographic characteristics of women who consume alcohol during pregnancy. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review. The results show that alcohol consumption among pregnant women is influenced by socioeconomic conditions, low educational levels, and limited access to prenatal care, with significant impacts on fetal development, including the risk of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). Nursing interventions, such as health education, screening, and continuous follow-up, are essential to raising awareness among pregnant women about the risks. However, challenges remain in implementing standardized protocols and overcoming cultural barriers. The study underscores the need for public policies aimed at strengthening support for pregnant women, promoting a more integrated and effective approach to maternal and child health.