BLADDER CANCER: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS AND AN ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY RATES IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ

Abstract

Bladder cancer is a very common neoplasm that mainly affects the white, elderly male population. Its main risk factor is smoking and its main symptom is hematuria (usually painless and intermittent). Therefore, tracing the regional epidemiological profile of the disease is essential for the early diagnosis of this pathology, with a view to better treatment that can reduce the morbidity and mortality rates of the disease.  The natural history of the disease evolves from epithelial metaplasia to invasive carcinoma, with the liver, lungs, bones and adrenal glands being the main sites affected by metastasis. The disease is most often treated by transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder, with the aid of intravesical therapy with onco BCG in some cases. It is worth noting that TUR is used for treatment, diagnosis and staging. Methods: This study aims to outline this epidemiological profile, along with identifying the mortality rates of this pathology in Paraná, proposing a comparison with national parameters in the period between 2019 and 2022, using data from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), based on secondary information from the Hospital Morbidity Information System of the SUS (SIH/SUS). Results: Caucasian males, between the age group of 70 and 79 years and residents of the northern macro-region of Paraná, are the population profile most affected by malignant bladder neoplasia in the state. This has a lower mortality rate for both sexes compared to the general one in Brazil, but is in the second region of the country with the most deaths.