EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF HOSPITALIZATIONS DUE TO DENGUE IN BRAZIL: A STUDY FROM 2019 TO 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, affecting around 390 million people annually. In Brazil, the disease poses a public health challenge due to its high incidence, particularly in urban areas with poor sanitation conditions. Objectives: Analyze the epidemiological behavior of dengue hospitalizations in Brazil between 2019 and 2023, identifying trends in incidence, geographic distribution, and factors associated with the increase in cases. Methodology: This is a quantitative and retrospective study, based on secondary data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS), collected through DATASUS. Variables such as gender, age group, ethnicity, hospitalizations, deaths, and costs related to the disease were analyzed. Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel® for descriptive analysis. Results: A total of 185,710 dengue cases were recorded during the study period, with a predominance among females (52.74%). The states with the highest incidence were Goiás, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Bahia. The most affected age group was between 20 and 39 years (28.79% of cases). Mortality increased progressively, being higher among men in 2023. Conclusion: There was an increase in mortality and costs related to dengue in Brazil, highlighting the vulnerability of certain regions and age groups.