PHYSIOTHERAPY'S ROLE IN PREVENTING FALLS IN THE ELDERLY

Abstract

Aging is a global phenomenon that brings physiological changes increasing the risk of accidents, such as falls. In Brazil, 30% of the elderly suffer falls annually, highlighting the need for preventive measures and health promotion to reduce these incidents. Falls are the second leading cause of death from unintentional injuries, affecting 684,000 people globally each year, according to the WHO. Besides physical risks, falls negatively impact the mental health and quality of life of the elderly. Preventive physiotherapy plays a crucial role in promoting active aging by assessing and improving musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiovascular aspects, and considering the environment and social relationships of the elderly. This study conducted an integrative literature review using databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed to evaluate the effects of physiotherapeutic intervention in preventing falls in the elderly. Results indicate that physiotherapy, through proprioceptive exercises, gait and balance training, and muscle strengthening, effectively reduces falls and promotes healthy aging. Additionally, physiotherapy has proven beneficial for the functionality and independence of the elderly. With the increasing elderly population, it is crucial to implement effective fall prevention strategies, addressing both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, to improve quality of life and reduce costs associated with these accidents.