ADVANCING NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPIES INCORPORATING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AND GENE THERAPY

Abstract

The field of neurosurgical anesthesia has seen significant advancements with the integration of biological therapies, particularly monoclonal antibodies, and gene therapy. These novel approaches offer enhanced precision in neuroprotection, pain management, and perioperative care, addressing challenges such as neuroinflammation, ischemia, and chronic pain. Monoclonal antibodies target specific molecular pathways to mitigate inflammatory responses and protect neural tissues, while gene therapy modifies gene expression to optimize neurological recovery. Despite promising results, there are challenges related to immunogenicity, optimal timing of intervention, and regulatory hurdles. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms, clinical applications, and future directions of these therapies, highlighting their potential to revolutionize neurosurgical anesthesia.