IMPACT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEART FAILURE: CLINICAL AND ENDOCRINOLOGICAL RELATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome, characterized by a set of metabolic disorders, such as central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia, has become a global public health problem. Its association with cardiovascular diseases, particularly heart failure, has been widely discussed in the scientific literature. The increased prevalence of these disorders, especially in populations with a high rate of sedentary lifestyle and inadequate diet, has generated a growing interest in understanding how these factors interact to worsen cardiac function. Understanding the clinical and endocrine relationships between Metabolic Syndrome and heart failure is essential for the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies. Objective: To analyze the relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and the development of heart failure, emphasizing the clinical and endocrine interactions that may influence this condition. Methodology: The research was conducted based on the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. Five descriptors were used: "Metabolic Syndrome", "Heart Failure", "Clinical Relationships", "Endocrinology" and "Cardiovascular Diseases". The inclusion criteria were: articles published in the last 10 years, studies that addressed the interaction between Metabolic Syndrome and heart failure, and those that included relevant clinical or endocrine data. The exclusion criteria were: publications in languages ​​other than Portuguese and English, studies that did not present empirical data, and literature reviews without new data analysis. Results: The review revealed that Metabolic Syndrome significantly increases the risk of heart failure, mediated by inflammatory mechanisms, changes in endothelial function and oxidative stress. Evidence suggested that insulin resistance and hypertension were crucial risk factors. Furthermore, it was observed that dietary and lifestyle interventions could mitigate these risks, highlighting the importance of multifactorial management. Conclusion: The analysis demonstrated that Metabolic Syndrome not only predisposes to the development of heart failure, but also interacts in a complex way with several clinical and endocrine factors. Understanding these interactions is essential for the formulation of effective preventive and therapeutic interventions, emphasizing the need for integrated strategies in the management of patients affected by this condition.