SPECIAL EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES IN SCHOOL INCLUSION

Abstract

This study examines the school inclusion of students with special educational needs, highlighting the challenges and advancements in this field. The research identified three main categories: barriers to inclusion, inclusive teaching practices, and supportive public policies. Notable barriers include inadequate teacher training, scarcity of material and technological resources, and negative social attitudes. Inclusive teaching practices, such as co-teaching, curriculum adaptation, and the use of assistive technologies, have proven effective in promoting active participation and academic success for students with special needs. Public policies, such as the Brazilian Inclusion Law and the National Education Plan, are essential but face challenges like inadequate funding and cultural resistance. The integration of education and health sectors is crucial for providing more holistic support. The study concludes that advancing school inclusion requires a continuous and collective effort from all stakeholders, including ongoing policy revision and improvement, the adoption of innovative teaching practices, and comprehensive support for students and their families.