LENS DISORDERS IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BETWEEN 2018 AND 2021

Abstract

Disorders of the lens are cataracts, aphakia, and lens subluxation. Cataract is the loss of transparency of the lens, while aphakia is the lack of the ocular lens and subluxation is the incomplete rupture of the zonule, causing the lens to be displaced behind the pupil. The aim of this article was to analyze the epidemiological profile, comparing the period of pandemic caused by COVID-19 with 18 before. An ecological, observational and retrospective study was carried out through the analysis of data from the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), by the Hospital Information System (SIH) about the ICD H25-H28 in the period 2018 to 2021. In the signaled period, there was a reduction in hospitalizations of 64.62% in general, the health region that suffered the most change was Ilha Grande Bay, with 95.88%. In relation to age group, the one that reduced the most was from 30 to 39 years old (70.59%), and gender was equivalent, with a slightly higher percentage of reduction in females (64.67%). When disrespecting color, there was a greater reduction in yellows (71.55%) and, in terms of care, it was urgent (74.08%). The present study demonstrated that the number of hospitalizations for cataract correction decreased between 2018 and 2021, which is due to the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the lockdown and suspension of ophthalmic activities. Thus, it was concluded that the pandemic directly affected hospitalizations for cataract, causing a decline in quality of life.