TEMPORAL OBSERVATION (2011-2021) OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS IN THE NORTHERN MUNICIPALITY OF THE STATE OF BAHIA

Abstract

Congenital syphilis is the infection of the fetus by Treponema pallidum, transmitted via the placental route, at any time during pregnancy or clinical stage of the disease in an untreated or inadequately treated pregnant woman, causing serious consequences to the pregnancy and fetus such as premature birth, low birth weight at birth, spontaneous abortion, fetal death. The objective of this study is to carry out an analysis of the epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in the municipality of Juazeiro, located in the north of the state of Bahia, considering the period from 2011 to 2021. The method is a retrospective, exploratory, cross-sectional and descriptive research, with secondary data obtained through the IT Department of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) carried out in the municipality of Juazeiro, state of Bahia, located in the Mesoregion of Vale do São Franciscano. Although congenital syphilis has been a notifiable disease in Brazil since 1986 (Ordinance nº 542, of 12/22/86 – Ministry of Health), 10,345 cases were reported to the Ministry of Health in the period 2011-2021) in Bahia , among them, (48.1%) referring to females, (43.8%) to males; where 97.3% had the diagnosis within 6 days of birth; 35.4% of mothers had primary education; 92.6% were mixed race, 258 (86.9%) patients reported in Juazeiro were diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy and only 45.1% had their partners treated. Demonstrating that as a result of the incidence of congenital syphilis, it suggests flaws in prenatal care and indicates that new strategies are needed to reduce the vertical transmission of the disease.