SEXUALITY AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION IN NATURAL SCIENCE TEACHING: AN ANALYSIS OF THE TEXTBOOK OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN ITABUNA-BA GUIDED BY THE CTS PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The book, in fact, is the teaching material most used by the teacher, perhaps because it is more accessible and because it presents meanings and values, as it is produced within a political, socio-historical and cultural context. Depending on the context, the textbook has different meanings and is considered quite flexible.
In view of this, it is necessary for teachers and students to take a critical and politicized stance towards the book, whether from the perspective of the texts or from the perspective of the images it presents. Reflection and criticism can lead to questioning the representations that the book brings and, mainly, those of a prejudiced and discriminatory nature.
Here we are interested in approaching the focus of the natural sciences book with a view to discussions that consider sexuality and human reproduction from the Science, Technology and Society - STS perspective.
The perpetuation of species on the planet is linked to the biological phenomenon of human reproduction, which is of fundamental importance for living beings. However, humans also interact sexually in search of pleasure beyond human reproduction.
Thus, human sexuality is considered complex, as it involves several social, cultural, economic, psychological, ethical and religious factors. Therefore, when working with this content, it is necessary to include social themes in order to contribute to the critical and responsible training of students.
To achieve this, natural science teachers will be able to use the CTS curricular perspective, which aims, among others, at a more humanized teaching of natural sciences with a view to developing critical and socially fair thinking.
In this way, it is possible to enhance protagonism and decision-making by stimulating the debate of socio-controversial issues in the classroom, which makes learning these contents more advantageous for life in society by bringing students closer to their daily lives. .
This book is the result of research carried out for academic purposes that aims to analyze to what extent the relationships between Science, Technology and Society are addressed in the contents of human reproduction and sexuality in natural science textbooks in state public schools in the city. of Itabuna, Bahia, in order to promote the formation of citizenship and the fight against prejudice.
It brings together texts that discuss aspects of natural science textbooks, sexual education and sexuality in natural science teaching.
In Chapter I, we will present a general overview of Sexual Education in Brazil, at which point we will present a brief timeline from the 19th century to the present day.
In Chapter II, we will discuss sexuality in the teaching of natural sciences and the textbook, giving greater focus to human reproduction and sexuality.
In Chapter III, we will discuss sexuality in natural science teaching and the possibilities for the CTS curricular perspective, which signals the need for more humanized natural science teaching and that favors the development of critical and socially fair thinking.
In chapter IV, we will present the methodological procedures as well as analyze, through the results of documentary research, the data and information considering what the natural science textbooks of public schools in the state network in the municipality of Itabuna-Ba reveal, in what refers to the contents of human reproduction and sexuality from the CTS perspective, with a view to training for citizenship and combating prejudice.
Our intention with the production of this book is to provide opportunities for reflections to deconstruct the conception of human reproduction and sexuality in the teaching of natural sciences exclusively from a biologizing perspective and to reconstruct a new conception through a more plural, more diverse, fairer and democratic perspective, contemplating also socio-historical and cultural perspectives.

Good reading!

The authors,

Éder Pinho Magalhães
Gleydson da Paixão Tavares