THE ROLE OF THE NURSE IN HIGH-RISK PRENATAL CARE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN WHO ARE USERS OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS, IN THE PREVENTION OF NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME

Abstract

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a set of symptoms that affect newborns who have been exposed to psychoactive substances such as illicit drugs and prescribed medications during pregnancy. This syndrome occurs when the fetus becomes dependent on these substances due to constant exposure through the placenta and subsequently exhibits withdrawal symptoms after birth. Objective: To provide a clearly overview of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) in women during pregnancy, especially those who use drugs, describing the main factors contributing to the development of the syndrome in these pregnant women, allowing for a deeper understanding of the challenges they face Materials and Methods: Articles during the time frame from 2013 to 2023, drawing upon data from the Library Online (SCIELO), scientific nursing journals, Ministry of Health manuals, World Health Organization data, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Conclusion: Through a multidisciplinary and integrated approach, it is indeed possible to control potential harm caused by Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) during pregnancy, and to advise the pregnant woman on healthy practices that benefit the newborn.