INFLUENCE OF ULTRAVIOLET RAYS ON THE PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF AESTHETIC DISORDERS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that lies in the spectrum between visible light and X-rays. They are emitted by the sun and can also be produced artificially in certain sources such as tanning lamps and sterilization equipment. UV rays are invisible to human eyes because their frequency is higher than that of visible light. Therefore, ultraviolet rays have 3 wavelengths UVA, UVB and UVC, therefore, UVA type rays have the lowest energy among ultraviolet rays, but they are the most abundant, therefore, they have a greater ability to penetrate the skin. Skin and are mainly responsible for premature aging of the skin, as well as the combination of these types of waves can trigger some dysfunctions that can be caused, such as the appearance of wrinkles and melasma. Such dysfunctions are caused by the excess absorption of this electromagnetic energy through the skin. In this context, it was necessary to analyze a complex of articles, which demonstrate the mechanisms that skin tissue suffers after chronic incidence of ultraviolet radiation, identifying an increase in radioactive oxygen species, the overexpression of matrix metalloproneinases, in addition to the senescence that develops over time, which has no chance of a reverse effect, as well as the loss of collagen and elastin that the dermis suffers, so that it is possible to identify the causes for the appearance of these dysfunctions. It was evidenced that despite the beneficial effects that ultraviolet radiation can offer, in terms of its role in the production of vitamin D, it was found that the harmful effects have a higher percentage when it comes to the harmful results that it brings, mainly towards the facial tissue.