HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE WAR PERIOD: THE ROLE OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN WAR CONFLICTS

Abstract

Military conflicts represent one of the most challenging scenarios for the protection and promotion of human rights, as these situations often involve serious violations of these rights. This fact becomes even more evident when looking at the period of war between countries and communities. In this sense, we must have a more focused look at victims and their protective rights. Given this scenario, the present study aimed to discuss the scenario faced by victims of armed conflicts and, mainly, to analyze what legal support exists and what are the limits to its effectiveness. In methodology, it was a bibliographical review, based on selected scientific studies and jurisprudence, whose time frame was between 2018 and 2023 found in databases such as Scielo and Google Scholar. In the results, it was clear that human rights, especially the right to life and personal integrity, are essential to protect civilians in areas of conflict. This includes prohibiting deliberate attacks on civilians, as well as protecting civilian infrastructure such as hospitals and schools. Furthermore, when respected, they help prevent the occurrence of war crimes, such as mass murders, rapes, torture and cruel and inhumane treatment. They are also crucial for the protection of vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, people with disabilities and ethnic or religious minorities, who may be particularly affected by armed conflicts.