ANALYSIS OF GENETIC FACTORS IN DOWN SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Down Syndrome is a genetic condition that causes intellectual impairment with varying degrees of physical and cognitive difficulties. Clinical diagnosis is based on the baby's characteristics and phenotype. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the genetic factors that cause Down Syndrome, as well as the aspects covered about the disease and its correlations with intellectual impairment, physical and cognitive difficulties. This bibliographic review on the genetic aspects of Down Syndrome was carried out by researching scientific articles on virtual platforms such as: SCIELO, MEDLINE, CAPES Periodicals Portal, official websites such as the Ministry of Health. The bibliographic research made it possible to elucidate the proposed questions, providing materiality to the object of study. According to the data presented, it was possible to identify that advanced maternal age may have an influence on the cause of Down Syndrome, but the causes of this influence are not yet well understood. It is possible that there is a relationship due to aged oocytes and the lower capacity for spontaneous abortion of zygotes that present the syndrome.