EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ARBOVIRUSES IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO DURING THE YEARS FROM 2017 TO 2021

Abstract

Arboviruses are a group of diseases caused by viruses, involving humans and animals that can be infected through the bite of hematophagous arthropod vectors, the main one in Brazil being Aedes aegypti, distributed throughout the territory. According to data, among 12 Brazilian states with the greatest variation between 2020 and 2021, in cases of arboviruses, 6 states are in the Northeast, and in Maranhão, located in transition areas between the humid climates of the Amazon and the semi-arid Cerrado, whose rainfall rates vary from 1,250 mm to 2,800 mm per year. The research aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of arboviruses in the state of Maranhão in the period from 2017 to 2021. Unified Health System (DATASUS), using the following aspects: year and month of notification, age group and sex of affected individuals, in addition to clinical evolution of cases, using graphs in the analyzes based on these data. The number of cases in the period from 2017 to 2021 were around 31,239 of Arboviruses, of which: 33.6% cases of Chikungunya Fever; 61.2% cases of Dengue; 5.1% cases of Zika, which occurred mainly in the rainy season (January – June). When it comes to age group, the highest occurrence is between 20 - 39 years old, mostly women; already in evolutionary values we have a percentage of 73.7% of cure in cases of arboviruses. The increase in cases during the period is notorious due to the large number of places favorable to mosquito reproduction; about greater cases in women, the cultural/social factor for spending more time in their homes; a higher cure rate is observed, due to effective health campaigns throughout hete state.