STRENGTH TRAINING AND SARCOPENIA IN OLDER ADULTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON AUTONOMY AND FUNCTIONALITY

Abstract

Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by a progressive reduction in strength, muscle mass, and physical performance, potentially compromising older adults' mobility, autonomy, and quality of life. This study aimed to identify how strength training contributes to restoring functionality in older adults with sarcopenia. A narrative review with a qualitative and descriptive approach was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE and SciELO databases. Articles published in Portuguese and English between 2021 and 2025 were considered. Twelve articles were selected, analyzed, and organized into thematic categories. The findings indicated that SARC-F, SARC-CalF, handgrip dynamometry, DXA, bioelectrical impedance analysis, gait speed, SPPB, and TUG are among the main instruments used to assess sarcopenia. Strength training promotes neuromuscular adaptations, increased strength, preservation of lean mass, and improvements in balance, gait, and physical performance. It is concluded that its regular, progressive, and individualized implementation can reduce functional limitations and contribute to maintaining autonomy and independence among older adults.