MORTALITY FROM ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN BRAZIL: TEMPORAL TRENDS, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC INEQUALITIES AND REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION, 2010–2024

Abstract

Objective: To analyze temporal trends in mortality from Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) according to sex, sociodemographic characteristics, place of death, and regional distribution in Brazil between 2010 and 2024. Methods: This ecological time-series study used data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). Deaths classified under ICD-10 codes I21 and I22 were included. Records with unknown sex were proportionally redistributed. Data were grouped into three five-year periods and analyzed according to sex, age group, race/skin color, education, marital status, place of death, and macroregion using absolute and relative frequencies and sex ratios. Results: A total of 1,361,355 deaths were recorded, representing a cumulative increase of 12.5% between the first and last five-year periods. Code I21 accounted for more than 99.7% of deaths. Men, individuals aged 60 years or older, and hospital deaths predominated. The sex ratio increased from 1.43 to 1.48. The proportional participation of Black and mixed-race individuals, the North and Central-West regions, and deaths at home increased. Conclusion: AMI mortality remains high and marked by demographic, social, and regional inequalities, requiring cardiovascular prevention, reduced health inequities, and expanded timely access to comprehensive care.