THE IMPORTANCE OF BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR LEARNING AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)

Abstract

This article discusses the importance of basic psychological processes — such as perception, attention, memory, language, thought, affectivity, consciousness, and intelligence — in the learning process. These processes are fundamental to the individual's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development. The article then analyzes the impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on these functions, highlighting impairments in attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and executive functions. Finally, intervention strategies based on neuroscience and psychology are presented, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and multidisciplinary actions involving teachers, parents, and health professionals, with the aim of promoting the development and school inclusion of children with ADHD.