THE IMPACTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON OSSEOINTEGRATION

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, which occur due to abnormalities in insulin action or production, or, in some cases, both. Osseointegration is defined as the direct connection between the implant interface and the bone. This biological process provides a stable foundation for the placement of a dental prosthesis on its structure. The objective of this study is to understand the impacts of osseointegration of dental implants in patients with diabetes mellitus. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory literature review, for which a systematic literature search was conducted in the major health databases: National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Lilacs, and Capes Journals. To expand the search, several Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS) were used: Diabetes Mellitus, Dental Implants; Osseointegration. Inclusion criteria were established to ensure the quality and scientific relevance of the studies considered: publications from 2019 to 2025, ensuring that the data are up to date; articles available in full, allowing for a comprehensive analysis; and studies in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Studies that could affect the quality or focus of the review were removed: duplicate articles across multiple databases; studies with inadequate or unclear methodology. First, we identified 323 studies for inclusion in this work. Immediately thereafter, after applying the previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 9 articles were selected for inclusion in this work. It is concluded that, although diabetes mellitus is a risk factor, osseointegration can be successful with adequate monitoring, specific clinical care, and adherence to good dental practices.