THE EVOLUTION OF DRUG TRAFFICKING ROUTES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: GEOGRAPHIC, SOCIOECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL FACTORS

Abstract

This article analyzes, through a bibliographic review, the dynamics of drug trafficking in the Brazilian Amazon, focusing on the main trafficking routes and state strategies to combat this phenomenon. The Amazon region plays a strategic role in international cocaine trafficking due to its extensive river network, porous borders, and limited state presence. River routes, especially along the Solimões and Japurá rivers, are the main logistical corridors, integrated with land and clandestine air routes. The study examines integrated operations, the Arpão river bases, and the use of intelligence and monitoring technologies, highlighting advances and limitations. It concludes that combating drug trafficking in the Amazon requires integrated and long-term public policies combining qualified repression, strategic intelligence, and international cooperation.