LEPROSY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Leprosy is a disease with the potential to affect various organs and structures of the body, but predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis, together called M. leprae complex. Skin signs are typically seen in the early phase of the disease and are therefore the first identifiable signs to drive clinical suspicion. Over many decades, the classification of leprosy, the speed of diagnosis, as well as its treatment have changed as modern medical science has evolved. Leprosy patients are often subjected to discrimination, rejection from society and can suffer from social stigma and permanent disfigurements. This article encompasses a practical review of leprosy covering the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, classification, diagnostic approach and treatment of the condition in a way that can be translated into clinical practice and help doctors better identify and treat potential cases of this disease.