MUSCLE PROFILE AND THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF INJURIES IN ROWING ATHLETES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Roming is a sport that requires high physical and psychological performance, impacting the integral health of athletes. Despite the interest in recovery and injury prevention strategies, there are still gaps in the literature on the integration of the muscle profile with the biopsychosocial effects of rowing practice. Objective: To evaluate the muscle profile of rowing athletes and the impact of the sport on physical and psychological health, social relations and the environment. Methodology: The research was conducted through an integrative literature review, including national and international articles. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to identify patterns, gaps and associations between muscle profile, performance and integral health. Results: The analyzed studies showed a predominance of greater strength and resistance in the muscles of the upper limbs, trunk and core, specifically in the erectors of the spine, deltoids and hamstrings, in experienced rowing athletes. It was also evident that muscle imbalance, especially between agonists and antagonists, is a predisposing factor for the emergence of lumbar and shoulder injuries. In addition, it was observed that the practice of rowing, when associated with training overload and absence of adequate recovery strategies, causes the appearance of muscle fatigue and psychosocial disorders, such as stress and anxiety. On the other hand, the modality showed significant benefits on mental health, emotional discipline and social interaction between athletes, reinforcing the positive impact of sport on biopsychosocial health. Conclusion: It is concluded that the muscle profile of rowing athletes is closely related to both performance and vulnerability to injuries, being essential the implementation of training programs that prioritize muscle balance and the use of individualized recovery strategies. In addition to the physical aspect, rowing exerts a relevant influence on psychological and social well-being, promoting integration, resilience and quality of life. Thus, understanding the interaction between the muscle profile and the athlete's biopsychosocial dimensions is essential for injury prevention, performance optimization and promotion of integral health in the sports context.