LA EFICACIA DEL ENFOQUE MULTIDISCIPLINARIO EN EL MANEJO DEL TRATAMIENTO DE LA PSICOSIS PUERPERAL: ANALIZANDO INTERVENCIONES FARMACOLÓGICAS Y PSICOSOCIALES

Abstract

Puerperal psychosis is a rare but highly significant mental disorder that affects one to two women per thousand births. It manifests through severe alterations in thought and behavior, such as delusions, hallucinations, and mood instability, which may compromise the maternal–infant bond and caregiving capacity. This study aims to analyze therapeutic approaches described in recent literature, emphasizing pharmacological and psychosocial interventions, as well as the relevance of multidisciplinary management. A review of publications between 2019 and 2024 shows that mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics remain the main therapeutic options, although concerns persist regarding their use during breastfeeding. At the same time, psychological support, family involvement, and multidisciplinary follow-up have proven essential for full recovery. However, persistent challenges include social stigma, delayed diagnosis, and the lack of specific public health policies. It is concluded that the way puerperal psychosis is managed has a direct impact on postpartum life, potentially worsening maternal vulnerability when neglected or, conversely, favoring emotional recovery and the reconstruction of motherhood when addressed comprehensively.