CHALLENGES IN BREASTFEEDING RELATED TO NIPPLE FISSURES IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Breastfeeding is fundamental, especially in the first six months of life. During this process, nipple trauma can occur, leading to complications. This study is a narrative literature review that aimed to analyze the main causes, risk factors, prevention methods, and management strategies for nipple trauma during breastfeeding, as well as its impacts on breastfeeding continuity and maternal and child health. The search for articles was conducted in the SciELO and Google Scholar databases using the descriptors "breastfeeding," "nursing," "nipples," and "treatment." The inclusion criteria were: articles published in Portuguese or English, between 2015 and 2025, available in full text. The synthesis of the results was carried out in a qualitative and descriptive manner. The final sample comprised nine articles, which highlighted the challenges of breastfeeding related to nipple fissures, including their high incidence and negative impact, such as pain, insecurity, and early weaning, associated with insufficient prenatal guidance, inadequate positioning, and incorrect latch of the baby. It is concluded that effective management lies in qualified nursing staff assistance, focusing on guidance and prevention of injuries, and on ongoing care in the treatment of fissures.