SURGICAL CORRECTION OF GRADE IV ANAL ATRESIA IN A CALF – CASE REPORT

Abstract

This paper describes the case of a 15-day-old mixed-breed heifer calf presenting with type IV anal atresia associated with a rectovaginal fistula. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and radiographic examination. Treatment consisted of anoplasty via perineal access, with traction and suturing of the rectal mucosa to the skin, in addition to closure of the rectovaginal fistula by internal suture. The anesthetic protocol included xylazine, propofol, midazolam, epidural block, and inhalational maintenance with isoflurane. Postoperatively, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, multimodal analgesia, and local dressings were instituted, resulting in excellent clinical recovery and adequate healing. The patient maintained functionality of the new anal orifice and was discharged on the tenth postoperative day. It is concluded that early intervention is fundamental for a favorable prognosis, with surgery being the therapy of choice. The use of imaging exams assists in planning the surgical approach, and the careful selection of the suturing technique contributes to the success of the procedure. This report reinforces the importance of rapid diagnosis and appropriate intervention to ensure the survival and quality of life of affected calves.