DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TO ASIA SYNDROME IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING AESTHETIC SURGERY

Abstract

Introduction: ASIA syndrome is characterized by autoimmune and autoinflammatory manifestations that may develop after exposure to adjuvants, including materials used in cosmetic surgeries. Objective: To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of ASIA syndrome in patients undergoing mastectomy as cosmetic surgery. Method: Integrative literature review carried out in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed via National Library of Medicine), Web of Science (WoS), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Index Bibliographical Spanish in Health Sciences (IBECS) and Literature Peruana in Health Sciences (LIPECS), using the descriptors Patients AND Mastectomy AND Autoimmunity OR Syndrome AND Silicones. Articles that met the following criteria were included: free and available in full, in Portuguese, Spanish and English, published in the last ten years (from 2017 to 2022). Results: The analysis included the examination of eight original articles, which addressed several adjuvants associated with ASIA Syndrome, with silicone standing out as the most prevalent in the studies analyzed. Other adjuvants mentioned in the articles included mineral oil, hyaluronic acid, polyalkylamide and polyacrylamide gel. Conclusions: This study provided a deeper understanding of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to ASIA Syndrome in patients undergoing cosmetic surgery. However, considerable challenges remain, such as the need for diagnostic standardization, development of more effective treatments and accurate identification of risk factors. The results establish a solid foundation for future research and improvements in clinical practice, aiming to improve the quality of life of patients affected by this syndrome after cosmetic procedures.