EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ILHÉUS – BA FROM 2018 TO 2022

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mainly affects the lungs. The main route of transmission of the disease occurs through the air, from an infected person to a healthy person. Infection occurs through inhalation of salivary droplets contaminated by the bacillus, which are expelled when speaking, sneezing or coughing. The diagnosis of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a significant reduction in confirmed cases, due to the similarity in symptoms between the diseases and underreporting. The general objective is to understand the epidemiological profile of reported cases of tuberculosis in the municipality of Ilhéus-BA in the period from 2018 to 2022. This is a descriptive study, has quantitative characteristics through the collection of data provided by DATASUS. The study population was made up of TB records, considering the variables of this study: people of both sexes, age group, race, HIV and closure status. During the analyzed period, 661 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were recorded, with a higher incidence in 2019 (23.40%), the results show a prevalence in males (69.28%), aged 20 to 39 years old (42.00%), with the majority of patients with the disease being of mixed race (66.11%), with (53, 25%) not being tested for HIV and (7.26%) having HIV, as a closure situation (60.96%) evolved into a cure for the disease.