THE CHALLENGES OF MARISQUEIRS FROM THE COMMUNITY OF FAROL DE SÃO THOMÉ-RJ IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL RIGHTS

Abstract

This paper aims to reflect on the challenges faced by women from the artisanal fishing chain called "marisqueiras" on the beach of Farol de São Thomé, district of Santo Amaro, municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, regarding the realization of social and social security rights.  The "marisqueiras" are women who work in the productive chain of fishing peeling shrimp, separating, cleaning and filleting fish, but they do not fit the requirements of Law 13.902/19, to grant the insurance off-season, which includes only the woman who performs artisanal activity in mangroves continuously, autonomously or under family economy regime, for self-support or marketing of part of the production. The specific objectives that guide the present study are: a) To outline the social rights established in the Federal Constitution for the specially insured category b) To analyze the challenges for the access to social and social security rights, such as unemployment insurance. As an analysis methodology, a bibliographic literature review, field research, and interviews were used to better understand the productions concerning artisanal fishermen and fisherwomen and their work space, in a methodological challenge to analyze the specificities of women shellfish gatherers and fisherwomen workers. In this particular, the women shellfish gatherers from Farol de São Thomé are emblematic examples of how fundamental social rights can be restricted due to women's invisibility in the context of artisanal fishing.